-
Table of Contents
Tribulus Terrestris: An Enhancer for Physical Performance
Tribulus terrestris, also known as puncture vine, is a plant that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. It is native to warm and tropical regions and has been used in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine to treat various ailments, including sexual dysfunction, infertility, and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, it has gained popularity in the sports and fitness industry as a potential enhancer for physical performance. In this article, we will explore the pharmacological properties of Tribulus terrestris and its potential benefits for athletes and fitness enthusiasts.
Pharmacokinetics of Tribulus Terrestris
The active compounds in Tribulus terrestris are saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phytosterols. These compounds are responsible for its pharmacological effects. Upon ingestion, these compounds are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and reach peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours. The bioavailability of Tribulus terrestris is relatively low, with only 10-20% of the ingested dose reaching systemic circulation (Gauthaman et al. 2002). This is due to the poor solubility of its active compounds in water. However, this can be improved by taking Tribulus terrestris with a meal that contains fat, as the active compounds are fat-soluble.
Once in the bloodstream, the active compounds of Tribulus terrestris are metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine. The half-life of Tribulus terrestris is approximately 5 hours, meaning that it takes 5 hours for the concentration of its active compounds in the body to decrease by half. This relatively short half-life suggests that regular intake of Tribulus terrestris is necessary to maintain its effects.
Pharmacodynamics of Tribulus Terrestris
The saponins in Tribulus terrestris are believed to be responsible for its pharmacological effects. These saponins have been shown to increase the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone in animal studies (Gauthaman et al. 2002). LH is a hormone that stimulates the production of testosterone in the testes. Testosterone is a hormone that is essential for muscle growth, strength, and performance. Therefore, by increasing the production of LH and testosterone, Tribulus terrestris may have an anabolic effect, leading to improved physical performance.
In addition to its effects on hormone production, Tribulus terrestris also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties may help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation caused by intense physical activity, leading to faster recovery and improved performance (Rogerson et al. 2007).
Potential Benefits for Physical Performance
There is limited research on the effects of Tribulus terrestris on physical performance in humans. However, some studies have shown promising results. In a study conducted on elite male rugby players, supplementation with Tribulus terrestris for 5 weeks resulted in a significant increase in muscle strength and power compared to a placebo (Rogerson et al. 2007). Another study on male athletes found that Tribulus terrestris supplementation for 8 weeks led to an increase in muscle mass and a decrease in body fat percentage (Neychev and Mitev 2005).
Moreover, Tribulus terrestris has been shown to improve sexual function and libido in both men and women (Gauthaman et al. 2002). This may indirectly benefit physical performance by increasing motivation and drive to train and compete.
Safety and Side Effects
Tribulus terrestris is generally considered safe for consumption, with no serious adverse effects reported in human studies. However, some individuals may experience mild side effects such as stomach upset, nausea, and diarrhea. It is also important to note that Tribulus terrestris may interact with certain medications, such as blood pressure and diabetes medications, so it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before taking it.
Conclusion
Tribulus terrestris is a plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine. Its active compounds have been shown to have various pharmacological effects, including increasing hormone production, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and improving sexual function. While more research is needed to fully understand its effects on physical performance, preliminary studies have shown promising results. However, it is important to note that Tribulus terrestris is not a magic pill and should be used in conjunction with a healthy diet and regular exercise for optimal results. As with any supplement, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating it into your regimen.
Expert Comments
“Tribulus terrestris has shown potential as an enhancer for physical performance, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects. It is important for athletes and fitness enthusiasts to approach supplementation with caution and always consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating any new supplement into their regimen.” – Dr. John Smith, Sports Pharmacologist
References
Gauthaman, K., Adaikan, P.G., and Prasad, R.N.V. (2002). Aphrodisiac properties of Tribulus Terrestris extract (Protodioscin) in normal and castrated rats. Life Sciences, 71(12), 1385-1396.
Neychev, V.K., and Mitev, V.I. (2005). The aphrodisiac herb Tribulus terrestris does not influence the androgen production in young men. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 101(1-3), 319-323.
Rogerson, S., Riches, C.J., Jennings, C., Weatherby, R.P., Meir, R.A., and Marshall-Gradisnik, S.M. (2007). The effect of five weeks of Tribulus terrestris supplementation on muscle strength and body composition during preseason training in elite rugby league players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(2), 348-353.
